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Cancer-related fatigue
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'''Cancer-related fatigue''' or '''CRF''' may refer fatigue caused by cancer that begins before cancer treatment,<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.leukaemiacare.org.uk/support-and-information/latest-from-leukaemia-care/blog/spotting-the-difference-cancer-related-fatigue-vs-everyday-fatigue/ | title = Spotting the difference: Cancer related fatigue VS everyday fatigue | website = Leukaemia Care|language=en-GB | access-date = 2020-09-25}}</ref> or fatigue that begins during cancer treatment, which is also known as Post-cancer Fatigue or '''PCF'''. Cancer-related fatigue excludes the diagnosis of [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] when symptoms can be fully accounted for by cancer-related fatigue. People with pre-existing [[ME/CFS]] may experience a significant increase in fatigue after developing cancer. ==Symptoms == ==Differences from ME/CFS== ===Disease process=== Cancer-related fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome have some similarities but are believed to have different underlying disease mechanisms, and affect the body differently. Fatigue can be one of several early symptoms of cancer, or may be triggered by cancer treatment.<ref name="diff">{{Cite journal | last = Park | first = Hye Youn | author-link = | last2 = Jeon | first2 = Hong Jun | author-link2 = | last3 = Bang | first3 = Young Rong | author-link3 = | last4 = Yoon | first4 = In-Young | author-link4 = | date = January 2019 | title = Multidimensional Comparison of Cancer-Related Fatigue and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: The Role of Psychophysiological Markers |url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6354035/ | journal = Psychiatry Investigation | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 71β79|doi=10.30773/pi.2018.10.26|issn=1738-3684|pmc=6354035|pmid=30605994|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref> Differences include different EEG findings, different hs-CRP levels and different heart rate variability.<ref name="diff"/> ===Symptoms === [[Post-exertional malaise]] (PEM) is increasingly regarded as the hallmark symptom in ME/CFS, but is only found in a minority of people with cancer-related fatigue. Cancer-related fatigue was found to more closely linked to sleep quality, anxiety and depression compared to chronic fatigue syndrome.<ref name="diff" /> ===Diagnostic criteria === Cancer-related fatigue cannot be diagnosed without a clear test indicating that cancer is present. ME/CFS is not diagnosed if an alternative explanation is present for the symptoms, such as an untreated fatiguing illness, although this does depend on the diagnostic criteria used. ===Risk factors === [[File:Cancer-fatigue-risk-factors.jpg|thumb|'''Risk factors in cancer-related fatigue.''' Source: Cells. 2019 Jul; 8(7): 738. ]] [[risk factors|Triggers and risk factors]] differ significantly between ME/CFS and cancer-related fatigue.<ref name="PMC6679212">{{Cite journal | last = Yang | first = Songwei | last2 = Chu | first2 = Shifeng | last3 = Gao | first3 = Yan | last4 = Ai | first4 = Qidi | last5 = Liu | first5 = Yingjiao | last6 = Li | first6 = Xun | last7 = Chen | first7 = Naihong | date = 2019-07-18 | title = A Narrative Review of Cancer-Related Fatigue (CRF) and Its Possible Pathogenesis |url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6679212/ | journal = Cells | volume = 8 | issue = 7|doi=10.3390/cells8070738|issn=2073-4409|pmc=6679212|pmid=31323874 | pages = 738|quote=|access-date=|via=}}</ref> ME/CFS is mostly commonly associated with a sudden rather than gradual onset, and often begins after an infection, particularly a virus, although many other events may trigger ME/CFS include accidents and injuries, and surgery. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is associated with different demographics, for example older patients and obesity is a significant risk factor, plus the type of cancer, the cancer treatment schedule, plus specific anti-cancer drugs and treatments.<ref name="PMC6679212" /> ===Treatment === Treatment for [[chronic fatigue syndrome]] differs significantly from the treatment of cancer-related fatigue. [[Post-exertional malaise|Exercise intolerance]] is a hallmark of ME/CFS and [[Graded exercise therapy|exercise therapy]] is linked to worsening symptoms in the vast majority of ME/CFS patients, but [[exercise]] often improves cancer-related fatigue.<ref name="diff" /> ==Notable studies== *2022, Commonalities in the Features of Cancer and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS): Evidence for Stress-Induced Phenotype Instability?<ref name="Rusin2022">https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/691/htm</ref> - [https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/691/html (Full text)] *2020, Post-exertional Malaise in People With Chronic Cancer-Related Fatigue<ref name="Twomey2020">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.02.012</ref> - [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.02.012 (Full text)] ::A subset of people with chronic CRF (up to 33% in this sample) may experience PEM. Exercise specialists and health care professionals working with people with chronic CRF must be aware that PEM may be an issue. Symptom exacerbation after exercise should be monitored, and exercise should be tailored and adapted to limit the potential for harm. *2013, Differing Leukocyte Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Fatigue in Patients with Prostate Cancer versus Chronic Fatigue Syndrome<ref name="Light2014PC">{{Cite journal | title = Differing Leukocyte Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Fatigue in Patients with Prostate Cancer versus Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | date = Dec 2013 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3848711/ | journal = Psychoneuroendocrinology | volume = 38 | issue = 12 | pages = 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.08.008 | last = Light | first = Kathleen C. | author-link = Kathleen Light | last2 = Agarwal | first2 = Neeraj | author-link2 = | last3 = Iacob | first3 = Eli | author-link3 = | last4 = White | first4 = Andrea T. | author-link4 = Andrea White | last5 = Kinney | first5 = Anita Y. | author-link5 = | last6 = VanHaitsma | first6 = Timothy A. | author-link6 = | last7 = Aizad | first7 = Hannah | last8 = Hughen | first8 = Ronald W. | author-link8 = | last9 = Bateman | first9 = Lucinda | author-link9 = Lucinda Bateman | last10 = Light | first10 = Alan R. | author-link10 = Alan Light|doi=10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.08.008|pmc=3848711|pmid=24054763|access-date=|issn=0306-4530|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3848711/ (Full Text)] ==See also == *[[Fatigue reduction diet]] *[[Chronic fatigue]] *[[Myalgic encephalomyelitis]] *[[Post-exertional malaise]] ==Learn more == *[https://www.leukaemiacare.org.uk/support-and-information/latest-from-leukaemia-care/blog/spotting-the-difference-cancer-related-fatigue-vs-everyday-fatigue/ Spotting the difference: Cancer related fatigue vs everyday fatigue] - Leukaemia Care ==References == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Diagnoses]]
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