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Biopsychosocial model
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== Controversy == The use of the BPS model, and its CBT and GET treatments, in [[ME/CFS]] has been heavily criticized by many researchers, charities and patient groups.<ref name="twisk2009" /><ref name="IIMER">{{Cite web | url = http://www.investinme.org/Documents/Fact%20Sheets/Invest%20in%20ME%20Research%20-%20Flaws%20in%20BPS%20Theory%20for%20ME%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf | title=Notes on the Ineffectiveness of the Biopsychosocial Model for Treating Myalgic Encephalomyelitis | last = Invest in ME Research | author-link = Invest in ME Research | first = | date = | website = | archive-url = | archive-date = |url-status = | access-date = October 30, 2018}}</ref> The BPS model provides the justification for the use of exercise therapy in ME/CFS.<ref name=":0" /> These controversial treatments were used in the [[PACE trial]], which [[David Tuller]], [[Keith Geraghty]], [[Robert Courtney]], [[Angela Kennedy]], [[Tom Kindlon]], [[Alem Matthees]], [[Mark Vink]] and many others have exposed the PACE trial as deeply flawed, and potentially fraudulent, and many others have analyzed and reported on the significant harms and [[ethical issues]] resulting from the use of CBT or GET in patients with ME/CFS.<ref name="Vink2017data">{{Cite journal | last = Vink | first = Mark | author-link = Mark Vink | date = 2017 | title = Assessment of Individual PACE Trial Data in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Cognitive Behavioual Therapy and Graded Exercise Therapy are Ineffective, Do Not Lead to Actual Recovery and Negative Outcomes may be Higher than Reported | url =https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312328779_Assessment_of_Individual_PACE_Trial_Data_in_Myalgic_EncephalomyelitisChronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_Cognitive_Behavioral_and_Graded_Exercise_Therapy_are_Ineffective_Do_Not_Lead_to_Actual_Recovery_and_Negati | journal = J Neuro Neurobiol | volume = 3 | issue = 1 | pages = |doi=10.16966/2379-7150.136|quote=|via=}}</ref><ref name="Vink2016PACE">{{Cite journal | last = Vink | first = Mark | author-link = Mark Vink | date = 2016 | title = The PACE Trial Invalidates the Use of Cognitive Behavioral and Graded Exercise Therapy in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Review | url =http://dx.doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.124 | journal = Journal of Neurology and Neurobiology | volume = 2 | issue = 3|doi=10.16966/2379-7150.124|issn=2379-7150}}</ref><ref name="twisk2009" /><ref name="Geraghty2016" /><ref name="Geraghty2018" /><ref name="Geraghty2019" /> The [[UK Parliament House of Lords PACE Trial debate 6th February 2013]] and the [[UK Parliament Grand Committee Room debate 21st June 2018]] debated the PACE trial. [[Carol Monaghan]] MP for the [[:Category:UK SNP politicians|Scottish National Party]] stated at a February 20th debate in the House of Commons Hansard, βI think that when the full details of the trial become known, it will be considered one of the biggest medical scandals of the 21st century.β<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.virology.ws/2018/03/28/trial-by-error-a-q-and-a-with-scottish-mp-carol-monaghan/ | title = Trial By Error: A Q-and-A with Scottish MP Carol Monaghan | last = Tuller | first = David | date = Mar 28, 2018 | website = [[Virology blog]]|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status= | access-date = 2018-10-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url = https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2018-02-20/debates/990746C7-9010-4566-940D-249F5026FF73/PACETrialPeopleWithME | title = PACE Trial: People with ME - Hansard | last = | first = | date = Feb 20, 2018 | website = hansard.parliament.uk|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status= | access-date = 2018-10-29|edition=Volume 636}}</ref>
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