Anonymous
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Search
Editing
Autoimmune hypothesis
From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history
Namespaces
Page
Discussion
More
More
Page actions
Read
Edit
Edit source
History
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
{{stub}} ==Theory== The Open Medicine Foundation, with immunologist [[Mark Davis]], and geneticist [[Lars Steinmetz]], is currently investigating the replication of [[T cell|T cells]] in ME, which may indicate an autoimmune disease is present in some ME/CFS patients.<ref name="OMF2018research" /> [[Human leukocyte antigen genes|HLA gene]] associations are a possible hallmark of autoimmune disease, and were investigated by [[Øystein Fluge|Fluge]] et al. in 2020.<ref name="Asgeir2020" /> ==Evidence== ME/CFS can cause a number of [[:Category:Immune signs and symptoms|immune symptoms]] including a [[sore throat]], [[swollen lymph nodes]], and [[flu-like symptoms]].<ref name="ICP2011primer">{{citation | last = Carruthers | first1 = BM | author-link1 = Bruce Carruthers | last2 = van de Sande | first2 = MI | author-link2 = Marjorie van de Sande | last3 = De Meirleir | first3 = KL | author-link3 = Kenny de Meirleir | last4 = Klimas | first4 = NG | author-link4 = Nancy Klimas | last5 = Broderick | first5 = G | author-link5 = Gordon Broderick | last6 = Mitchell | first6 = T | author-link6 = Terry Mitchell | last7 = Staines | first7 = D | author-link8 = Donald Staines | last8 = Powles | first8 = ACP | author-link8 = A C Peter Powles | last9 = Speight | first9 = N | author-link9 = Nigel Speight | last10 = Vallings | first10 = R | author-link10 = Rosamund Vallings | last11 = Bateman | first11 = L | author-link11 = Lucinda Bateman | last12 = Bell | first12 = DS | author-link12 = David Bell | last13 = Carlo-Stella | first13 =N | author-link13 = Nicoletta Carlo-Stella | last14 = Chia | first14 = J | author-link14 = John Chia | last15 = Darragh | first15 = A | author-link15 = Austin Darragh | last16 = Gerken | first16 = A | author-link16 = Anne Gerken | last17 = Jo | first17 = D | author-link17 = Daehyun Jo | last18 = Lewis | first18 = DP | author-link18 = Donald Lewis | last19 = Light | first19 = AR | author-link19 = Alan Light | last20 = Light | first20 = KC | author-link20 = Kathleen Light | last21 = Marshall-Gradisnik | first21 = S | author-link21 = Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik | last22 = McLaren-Howard | first22 = J | author-link22 = John McLaren-Howard | last23 = Mena | first23 = I | author-link23 = Ismael Mena | last24 = Miwa | first24 = K | author-link24 = Kunihisa Miwa | last25 = Murovska | first25 = M | author-link25= Modra Murovska | last26 = Stevens | first26 = SR | author-link26 = Staci Stevens | title = Myalgic encephalomyelitis: Adult & Paediatric: International Consensus Primer for Medical Practitioners | date = 2012 | isbn = 978-0-9739335-3-6 | url = http://www.investinme.org/Documents/Guidelines/Myalgic%20Encephalomyelitis%20International%20Consensus%20Primer%20-2012-11-26.pdf }}</ref><ref name="fukuda1994">{{Cite journal | last = Fukuda | first = K. | author-link = Keiji Fukuda | last2 = Straus | first2 = S.E. | author-link2 = Stephen Straus | last3 = Hickie | first3 = I. | author-link3 = Ian Hickie | last4 = Sharpe | first4 = M.C. | author-link4 = Michael Sharpe | last5 = Dobbins | first5 = J.G. | author-link5 = James Dobbins | last6 = Komaroff | first6 = A. | author-link6 = Anthony Komaroff | date = 1994-12-15 | title = The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its definition and study. International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group | url =https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michael_Sharpe2/publication/247808895_The_Chronic_Fatigue_Syndrome_A_Comprehensive_Approach_to_Its_Definition_and_Study/links/0c96053201643bfc4b000000/The-Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-A-Comprehensive-Approach-to-Its-Definition-and-Study.pdf | journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=121 | issue = 12 | pages = 953–959|issn=0003-4819|pmid=7978722|via=| publisher = American College of Physicians}}</ref> == Evidence for autoimmunity in ME and CFS == [[File:MECFS comorbid autoimmune.jpg|alt=Shows fibromyalgia 30-77% overlap, Hashimoto's thyroiditis 17-20%, POTS 11-40% overlap and family history of autoimmune conditions 18-41% overlap.|thumb|Autoimmune conditions in people with ME/CFS. Source: Sotzny et al (2018), [[EUROMENE]] project.]] Many people with ME/CFS also have autoimmune conditions such as [[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]], or have a family history of autoimmune diseases.<ref name="Sotzny, 2018" /> [[Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome|POTS]], or postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, can be initiated or maintained by autoantibodies as well, and POTS is common in people with ME. A number of different immune system abnormalities have been found in some patients with ME/CFS.<ref name="Sotzny, 2018" /> One study found elevated cellular antigens in 83% of [[Chronic fatigue syndrome|CFS]] patients.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = von Mikecz | first = A. | last2 = Konstantinov | first2 = K. | last3 = Buchwald | first3 = D.S. | author-link3 = Dedra Buchwald | last4 = Gerace | first4 = L. | last5 = Tan | first5 = E.M. | date = Feb 1997 | title = High frequency of autoantibodies to insoluble cellular antigens in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/9041942/ | journal = Arthritis and Rheumatism|volume=40 | issue = 2 | pages = 295–305|issn=0004-3591|pmid=9041942}}</ref> Autoimmune disease is one of several illnesses or conditions experienced alongside of [[ME/CFS]].<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://ammes.org/overlapping-conditions/ | title = Overlapping Conditions – American ME and CFS Society | website = ammes.org|language=en-US | access-date = 2018-08-12}}</ref> Samples from a large cohort (n=268) in Berlin, Germany and a smaller sample of patients treated with [[Rituximab]] (n=25) were measured against controls (n=168). Researchers found that antibodies against a [[neurotransmitter]] receptor were elevated in 29.5% of patients. Specifically, antibodies to ß2 [[Adrenergic receptor|adrenergic]] and M3 and M4 muscarinic cholinergic receptors, which are both G protein-coupled receptors (GCPRs). In patients receiving Rituximab, those who were responders had significantly lower levels of ß2 and M4 autoantibodies after treatment. The authors suggest that these autoantibodies could be [[biomarker]]s to those CFS patients most likely to respond to Rituximab treatment.<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.meaction.net/2015/09/26/antibodies-found-in-subset-of-cfs-patients/ | title = Autoantibodies found in subset of CFS patients {{!}} #MEAction|website = [[The MEAction Network]]|language=en-US | access-date = 2018-08-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last = Loebel | first = Madlen | author-link = Madlen Löbel | last2 = Grabowski | first2 = Patricia | author-link2 = Patricia Grabowski | last3 = Heidecke | first3 = Harald | last4 = Bauer | first4 = Sandra | author-link4 = Sandra Bauer | last5 = Hanitsch | first5 = Leif G. | last6 = Wittke | first6 = Kirsten | last7 = Meisel | first7 = Christian | last8 = Reinke | first8 = Petra | last9 = Volk | first9 = Hans-Dieter | date = Feb 2016 | title = Antibodies to β adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26399744 | journal = Brain, Behavior, and Immunity|volume=52 | pages = 32–39|doi=10.1016/j.bbi.2015.09.013|issn=1090-2139|pmid=26399744}}</ref> ==Notable studies== *2020, Autoantibodies to beta-adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) patients – A validation study in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from two Swedish cohorts<ref name="Bynke2020">{{Cite journal | last = Bynke | first = Annie | author-link = | last2 = Julin | first2 = Per | author-link2 = | last3 = Gottfries | first3 = Carl-Gerhard | author-link3 = Carl-Gerhard Gottfries | last4 = Heidecke | first4 = Harald | author-link4 = | last5 = Scheibenbogen | first5 = Carmen | author-link5 = Carmen Scheibenbogen | last6 = Bergquist | first6 = Jonas | author-link6 = Jonas Bergquist | date = 2020-08-01 | title = Autoantibodies to beta-adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) patients – A validation study in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from two Swedish cohorts |url =http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354620300727 | journal = Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health|language=en|volume=7 | issue = | pages = 100107|doi=10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100107|issn=2666-3546|pmc=|pmid=|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354620300727 (Full text)] *2020, Human Leukocyte Antigen alleles associated with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)<ref name="Asgeir2020">{{Cite journal | last = Lande | first = Asgeir | author-link = Asgeir Lande | last2 = Fluge | first2 = Øystein | author-link2 = Øystein Fluge | last3 = Strand | first3 = Elin B. | author-link3 = Elin Strand | last4 = Flåm | first4 = Siri T. | author-link4 = Siri Flåm | last5 = Sosa | first5 = Daysi D. | author-link5 = Daysi Sosa | last6 = Mella | first6 = Olav | author-link6 = Olav Mella | last7 = Egeland | first7 = Torstein | author-link7 = | last8 = Saugstad | first8 = Ola D. | author-link8 = | last9 = Lie | first9 = Benedicte A. | author-link9 = | date = 2020-03-24 | title = Human Leukocyte Antigen alleles associated with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) | url = https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-62157-x | journal = Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=10 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–8|doi=10.1038/s41598-020-62157-x|issn=2045-2322|pmc=|pmid=|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-62157-x (Full text)] *2018, Infection Elicited Autoimmunity and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: An Explanatory Model<ref name="Blomberg2018">{{Cite journal | last = Blomberg | first = Jonas | author-link = Jonas Blomberg | last2 = Gottfries | first2 = Carl-Gerhard | author-link2 = Carl-Gerhard Gottfries | last3 = Elfaitouri | first3 = Amal | author-link3 = | last4 = Rizwan | first4 = Muhammad | author-link4 = | last5 = Rosén | first5 = Anders | author-link5 = | date = 2018-02-15 | title = Infection Elicited Autoimmunity and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: An Explanatory Model | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5818468/ | journal = Frontiers in Immunology|volume=9 | issue = | pages = |doi=10.3389/fimmu.2018.00229|issn=1664-3224|pmc=5818468|pmid=29497420|access-date=|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5818468/ (Full text)] *2018, [http://10.1016/j.autrev.2018.01.009 Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome – Evidence for an autoimmune disease]<ref name="Sotzny, 2018">{{citation | last1 = Sotzny | first1 = Franziska | author-link1 = Franziska Sotzny | last2 = Blanco | first2 = Julià | author-link2 = Julià Blanco | last3 = Capelli | first3 = Enrica | author-link3 = Enrica Capelli | last4 = Castro-Marrero | first4 = Jesús | author-link4 = Jesús Castro-Marrero | last5 =Steiner | first5 = Sophie | author-link5 = Sophie Steiner | last6 = Murovska | first6 = Modra | author-link6 = Modra Murovska | last7 = Scheibenbogen | first7 = Carmen | author-link8 = Carmen Scheibenbogen | title = Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome – Evidence for an autoimmune disease | journal =Autoimmunity Reviews | volume = 17 | issue = 6 | page = 601-609 | date = 2018 | doi = 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.01.009 }}</ref> *2017-2020, Defining Autoimmune Aspects of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)<ref name="2017trial">{{Cite web | url = https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03254823 | title = Autoimmunity in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) - Full Text View | last = | first = | author-link = | date = | website = clinicaltrials.gov|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status= | access-date = 2020-04-25}}</ref> - [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03254823 Clinical Trial] *2014, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/24068616/?i=3 The emerging role of autoimmunity in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)]<ref name="Morris2014">{{Cite journal | last = Morris | first = Gerwyn | author-link = Gerwyn Morris | last2 = Berk | first2 = Michael | author-link2 = Michael Berk | last3 = Galecki | first3 = Piotr | author-link3 = Piotr Galecki | last4 = Maes | first4 = Michael | author-link4 = Michael Maes | author-link5 = | author-link6 = | date = 2014-04-01 | title = The Emerging Role of Autoimmunity in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/cfs) | url = https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-013-8553-0 | journal = Molecular Neurobiology|language=en|volume=49 | issue = 2 | pages = 741–756|doi=10.1007/s12035-013-8553-0|issn=1559-1182|quote=|via=}}</ref> *2013, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/23664637/ In myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, increased autoimmune activity against 5-HT is associated with immuno-inflammatory pathways and bacterial translocation]<ref name="Maes2013">{{Cite journal | last = Maes | first = Michael | author-link = Michael Maes | last2 = Ringel | first2 = Karl | author-link2 = Karl Ringel | last3 = Kubera | first3 = Marta | author-link3 = Marta Kubera | last4 = Anderson | first4 = George | author-link4 = George Anderson | last5 = Morris | first5 = Gerwyn | author-link5 = Gerwyn Morris | last6 = Galecki | first6 = Piotr | author-link6 = Piotr Galecki | last7 = Geffard | first7 = Michel | author-link8 = Michel Geffard | date = 2013-09-05 | title = In myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, increased autoimmune activity against 5-HT is associated with immuno-inflammatory pathways and bacterial translocation | url =http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032713002541 | journal = Journal of Affective Disorders|volume=150 | issue = 2 | pages = 223–230|doi=10.1016/j.jad.2013.03.029|issn=0165-0327|quote=|via=}}</ref> *2012, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/22166399/ Increased autoimmune activity against 5-HT: a key component of depression that is associated with inflammation and activation of cell-mediated immunity, and with severity and staging of depression]<ref name="Maes2012">{{Cite journal | last = Maes | first = Michael | author-link = Michael Maes | last2 = Ringel | first2 = Karl | author-link2 = Karl Ringel | last3 = Kubera | first3 = Marta | author-link3 = Marta Kubera | last4 = Berk | first4 = Michael | author-link4 = Michael Berk | last5 = Rybakowski | first5 = Janusz Rybakowski | author-link5 = Janusz | author-link6 = | date = 2012-02-01 | title = Increased autoimmune activity against 5-HT : a key component of depression that is associated with inflammation and activation of cell-mediated immunity, and with severity and staging of depression | url =http://dro.deakin.edu.au/view/DU:30047500 | journal = Journal of affective disorders|volume=136 | issue = 3 | pages = 386–392|doi=10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.016|issn=0165-0327|quote=|via=}}</ref> *2004, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/15082083 Is chronic fatigue syndrome an autoimmune disorder of endogenous neuropeptides, exogenous infection and molecular mimicry?]<ref name="Staines2004">{{Cite journal | last = Staines | first = Donald R | author-link = Donald Staines | author-link2 = | date = 2004-05-01 | title = Is chronic fatigue syndrome an autoimmune disorder of endogenous neuropeptides, exogenous infection and molecular mimicry? | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987704000659 | journal = Medical Hypotheses|volume=62 | issue = 5 | pages = 646–652|doi=10.1016/j.mehy.2004.01.012|issn=0306-9877|quote=|via=}}</ref> - [[Donald Staines]] ==Talks and interviews== *2015, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWbC08cbP30 Partnerships to Accelerate Biomarker and Mechanisms Discovery in ME/CFS and Fibromyalgia] - Professor [[Alan Light]] discusses recent studies hypothesising autoimmune causation) ==See also== *[[Autoimmune disease]] *[[Innate immune system]] *[[Rituximab]] *[[Cyclophosphamide]] *[[Autoantibody]] *[[Human leukocyte antigen genes]] (HLA genes) ==Learn more== *[https://www.omf.ngo/2018/02/28/omf-funded-research-t-cells-molecular-immunology/ T-cells, molecular Immunology and autoimmune hypothesis]<ref name="OMF2018research">{{Cite web | url = https://www.omf.ngo/2018/02/28/omf-funded-research-t-cells-molecular-immunology/ | title = OMF-funded research: T cells and molecular immunology | last = Open Medicine Foundation | first = | author-link = Open Medicine Foundation | date = Feb 28, 2018 | website = Open Medicine Foundation|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status= | access-date = 2019-07-11}}</ref> - [[Open Medicine Foundation]] *[https://autoimmune-encephalitis.org/diagnosis/ Autoimmune encephalitis - diagnosis] - International Autoimmune Encephalitis Society *[https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/11979/autoimmune-encephalitis Autoimmune encephalitis] - Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Medical hypotheses]] [[Category:Immunology]]
Summary:
Please make sure your edits are consistent with
MEpedia's guidelines
.
By saving changes, you agree to the
Terms of use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 3.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Templates used on this page:
Template:Asbox
(
edit
)
Template:Citation
(
edit
)
Template:Cite journal
(
edit
)
Template:Cite web
(
edit
)
Template:Full stop
(
edit
)
Template:Full stop character
(
edit
)
Template:GetFallback
(
edit
)
Template:Help improve text
(
edit
)
Template:LangSwitch
(
edit
)
Template:Main other
(
edit
)
Template:No fullstop
(
edit
)
Template:No fullstop/first
(
edit
)
Template:Reflist
(
edit
)
Template:Str endswith
(
edit
)
Template:Stub
(
view source
) (semi-protected)
Template:Stub text
(
edit
)
Template:Uselang
(
edit
)
Module:Arguments
(
edit
)
Module:Asbox
(
edit
)
Module:Buffer
(
edit
)
Module:Check for unknown parameters
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist
(
edit
)
Module:Navbar
(
edit
)
Module:No globals
(
edit
)
Module:String
(
edit
)
This page is a member of 2 hidden categories:
Category:All stub articles
Category:Stub pages last edited in 2023
Navigation
Navigation
Skip to content
Main page
Browse
Become an editor
Random page
Popular pages
Abbreviations
Glossary
About MEpedia
Links for editors
Contents
Guidelines
Recent changes
Pages in need
Search
Help
Wiki tools
Wiki tools
Special pages
Page tools
Page tools
User page tools
More
What links here
Related changes
Page information
Page logs