Anonymous
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Search
Editing
Aphasia
From MEpedia, a crowd-sourced encyclopedia of ME and CFS science and history
Namespaces
Page
Discussion
More
More
Page actions
Read
Edit
Edit source
History
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
[[File:Aphasia-test.png|600px|thumb|right|Aphasia picture naming test from Quick Aphasia Battery. Anomia <br />Source: [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192773 Wilson et. al. (2018) A quick aphasia battery for efficient, reliable, and multidimensional assessment of language function. PLoS ONE 13(2): e0192773] (cropped).]] [[Aphasia]] is a communication disorder. It results from damage or injury to language parts of the brain. It affects the ability to speak, read, or write. It is more common among older adults, in particular, and those who have suffered a stroke. Head trauma, [[brain]] tumors, or infections can also impact these same language parts of the brain. The types of aphasia are: *global aphasia;<ref>{{Cite news |url =https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-resources/global-aphasia/ | title = Global Aphasia - National Aphasia Association|work=National Aphasia Association | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> *Broca's aphasia ('non-fluent aphasia');<ref>{{Cite news |url =https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-resources/brocas-aphasia/ | title = Broca's (Expressive) Aphasia - National Aphasia Association|work=National Aphasia Association | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> *mixed non-fluent aphasia;<ref>{{Cite news |url =https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-resources/mixed-non-fluent-aphasia/ | title = Mixed Non-fluent Aphasia - National Aphasia Association|work=National Aphasia Association | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> *Wernicke's aphasia ('fluent aphasia');<ref>{{Cite news |url =https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-resources/wernickes-aphasia/ | title = Wernicke's (Receptive) Aphasia - National Aphasia Association|work=National Aphasia Association | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> *anomic aphasia;<ref>{{Cite news |url =https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-resources/anomic-aphasia/ | title = Anomic Aphasia - National Aphasia Association|work=National Aphasia Association | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> *primary progressive aphasia (PPA);<ref>{{Cite news |url =https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-resources/primary-progressive-aphasia/ | title = Primary Progressive Aphasia - National Aphasia Association|work=National Aphasia Association | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> and *other varieties that "do not exactly fit into these categories."<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |url =https://www.aphasia.org/aphasia-definitions/ | title = Aphasia Definitions - National Aphasia Association|work=National Aphasia Association | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> In order to distinguish [[Dysphagia|dyspha'''g'''ia]] (trouble with swallowing) and [[Dysphasia|dyspha'''s'''ia]] (language disorder), the medical world often calls dyspha'''s'''ia by the name aphasia.<ref name="worrall2010">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27384070/</ref> ==Aphasia and ME/CFS== Aphasia and dysphasia symptoms, and [[word-finding problems]] in general are patient reported comorbidities of [[ME/CFS]] and [[fibromyalgia]]. However, neither ME/CFS or fibromyalgia has any research for these language impairments.{{citation needed | date = Oct 2021}} ==Presentation== Communication can be nearly impossible or very mildly affected. The ability to retrieve names or objects (anomia), to put words together into sentences, or to read can all be affected. "More commonly, however, multiple aspects of communication are impaired, while some channels remain accessible for a limited exchange of information."<ref name=":0" /> ==Prevalence== Approximately 1 million people, 1 in 250 in the United States in 2015, are living with aphasia. There are 180,000 new cases annually. There are no significant differences in incidence in men and women. However, there may be differences by type and severity of aphasia as "Wernicke’s aphasia and global aphasia occur more commonly in women, and Broca's aphasia occurs more commonly in men."<ref name=":2">{{Cite web | url = https://www.asha.org/PRPSpecificTopic.aspx?folderid=8589934663§ion=Incidence_and_Prevalence | title = Aphasia: Incidence & Prevalence | website = American Speech-Language-Hearing Association|language=en | access-date = 2018-08-10}}</ref> Fifteen percent under the age of 65 experience aphasia after their first ischemic stroke but 43% for individuals age 85 and older.<ref name=":2" /> ==Presentation== The main symptoms of aphasia include *Trouble speaking *Struggling with finding the appropriate term or word *Using strange or inappropriate words in a conversation.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |url =https://www.webmd.com/brain/aphasia-causes-symptoms-types-treatments#2-4 | title = An Overview of Aphasia|work=WebMD | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> It can also present when a patient has trouble understanding what others are saying, particularly when the person is tired or in a crowded or loud environment. Although thinking skills are not affected, the patient may have problems understanding written material and have difficulties with handwriting. Using numbers and doing simple calculations can also be a problem.<ref name=":3" /> ==Symptom recognition== [[File:Broca Wernicke.JPG|200px|thumb|right|Cortex]] [[The Hummingbirds' Foundation for ME]] recognizes the patient reported symptoms of aphasia, Broca's due to "a complete inability to express language" and Wernicke's due to having "difficulty or an inability to understand speech" as part of their list of cognitive and neurological dysfunctions. <ref>[http://www.hfme.org/themesymptomlist.htm Overview: Cognitive signs and symptoms - What is M.E.? What are the main M.E. symptoms? - The Hummingbird Foundation]</ref> They also note [[word-finding difficulties]] under cognitive signs and symptoms.<ref>[http://www.hfme.org/mesymptoms.htm Cognitive signs and symptoms - M.E. symptoms - The Hummingbird Foundation]</ref> The [[Canadian Consensus Criteria]] lists difficulties with "[[Word-finding problems|word retrieval]]" under ''Neurological/Cognitive Manifestations'' as an optional symptom. ==Notable studies== ==Possible causes== Some possible causes are: *[[brain]] injury and stroke are usually the cause of aphasia. *brain tumors *brain infection *dementia such as [[Alzheimer's]] *epilepsy or other [[neurological]] disorder.<ref name=":3" /> Other causes: *degenerative process *[[memory problems]] or [[confusion]]<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |url =https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/aphasia/symptoms-causes/syc-20369518 | title = Aphasia - Symptoms and causes|work=Mayo Clinic | access-date = 2018-08-10|language=en}}</ref> Temporary episodes can occur due to: *[[Migraine|migraine<nowiki/>s]] *[[Seizure|seizure<nowiki/>s]] *transient ischemic attack (TIA)<ref name=":4" /> ==Potential treatments== Speech and language rehabilitation is usually a relatively slow process and although progress can be significant, "few people regain full pre-injury communication levels."<ref name=":4" /> It is important the therapy start early. Groups settings let patients try out their communication skills. Conversations, speaking in turn, clarifying misunderstandings, and fixing conversations are practiced in a safe setting.<ref name=":4" /> Currently, there are no medications to treat Aphasia but there are some studies looking into their use. ==Learn more== *[https://https://www.aphasia.org/ National Aphasia Association] ==See also== *[[Cognitive dysfunction]] *[[Dyscalculia]] *[[Dysphasia]] *[[Memory problems]] *[[Word-finding problems]] ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] [[Category:Cognitive signs and symptoms]] [[Category:Language disorders]]
Summary:
Please make sure your edits are consistent with
MEpedia's guidelines
.
By saving changes, you agree to the
Terms of use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 3.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Templates used on this page:
Template:Category handler
(
edit
)
Template:Citation needed
(
edit
)
Template:Cite news
(
edit
)
Template:Cite web
(
edit
)
Template:Colon
(
edit
)
Template:Digits
(
edit
)
Template:Fix
(
edit
)
Template:Fix/category
(
view source
) (protected)
Template:GetFallback
(
edit
)
Template:LangSwitch
(
edit
)
Template:Last word
(
edit
)
Template:Main other
(
edit
)
Template:Reflist
(
edit
)
Template:Str len
(
edit
)
Template:Uselang
(
edit
)
Template:Year
(
edit
)
Module:Arguments
(
edit
)
Module:Category handler
(
edit
)
Module:Category handler/blacklist
(
edit
)
Module:Category handler/config
(
edit
)
Module:Category handler/data
(
edit
)
Module:Category handler/shared
(
edit
)
Module:Check for unknown parameters
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
(
edit
)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist
(
edit
)
Module:Namespace detect/config
(
edit
)
Module:Namespace detect/data
(
edit
)
Module:No globals
(
edit
)
Module:String
(
edit
)
Module:Unsubst
(
edit
)
Module:Yesno
(
edit
)
This page is a member of 2 hidden categories:
Category:All articles with unsourced statements
Category:Articles with unsourced statements from 2021
Navigation
Navigation
Skip to content
Main page
Browse
Become an editor
Random page
Popular pages
Abbreviations
Glossary
About MEpedia
Links for editors
Contents
Guidelines
Recent changes
Pages in need
Search
Help
Wiki tools
Wiki tools
Special pages
Page tools
Page tools
User page tools
More
What links here
Related changes
Page information
Page logs